ADHD Treatment Medication - Stimulants
Stimulants boost brain chemical levels that help focus, concentration and impulse control. They are prescribed in extended-release or immediate release form by doctors. Stimulants include methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta) and amphetamine/dexroamphetamine compounds (Adderall, Vyvanse).
These are the drugs most commonly prescribed for people with ADHD. Doctors often mix them with antidepressants in order to improve their effectiveness.
Stimulants
Stimulants are among the most commonly prescribed prescription drugs that doctors use to treat ADHD. They increase the levels of brain chemicals called dopamine and norepinephrine that allow people to focus and control their impulses. The most frequently prescribed stimulant medication for children and adults with ADHD is methylphenidate, which is available in tablet and liquid forms. It is taken 3 to 4 times a every day. Children and teenagers who take methylphenidate may suffer from side effects such as headaches, stomachaches, or changes in appetite. These medications can also increase heart rate and blood pressure therefore they shouldn't be taken by people suffering from heart issues.
Stimulant drugs can have long-lasting effects and are therefore often given in a long-acting formulation, meaning the medicine is released slowly into the body over a period of 8-12 hours. Long-acting medications are particularly helpful for those with ADHD who are often absent from work, school or family obligations because they are unable to remain on task. They are generally considered safe to use for long-term use in appropriate doses by doctors and studies show that they do not appear to affect IQ or social interactions.
Long-term use of stimulants can trigger changes in the personality of some people for example, becoming more introverted and withdrawn or less sociable and spontaneous. They can also trigger mood swings, such as depression, which is why doctors generally only recommend their use for short periods of time. Certain stimulants can cause addiction.
Nonstimulant medications are a relatively new class of medication that treats ADHD. They don't directly impact dopamine or norepinephrine but instead there is a chemical called noradrenaline within the brain transmits messages between brain cells. Atomoxetine (trade name Strattera) and Guanfacine (trade name Zyprexa) are two examples of medications that are non-stimulant that are FDA-approved for treatment of ADHD.
Nonstimulant medications take longer time to start working, but once they do, they help people focus and control their emotions. They can also lessen the signs of impulsivity and decrease anxiety. They can be prescribed by healthcare providers alone or in combination.
Stimulants and nonstimulant medications don't work in the same way for everyone, so it may take a few times to determine a dose and schedule that is effective. Doctors will closely track the patient's reaction to medication and make adjustments if needed.
Medications are only one part of an ADHD treatment program, and it's vital for those suffering from ADHD to receive psychosocial therapy, too. Therapists can assist in teaching strategies to manage symptoms and improve your relationships, like time management and organizational strategies. They can help a person identify stress and develop strategies to cope. Certain diets have been shown to be helpful for some people with ADHD. However, cutting out medication for adhd without consulting a physician is not advised.